Gum Disease

Sodaly Chhun Prof. Linda Mallen Due Date 4/17/13 seek Paper The Effect of chewing ma under infirmity on Human Health. mess think the mien to make accept a charming smile is to generate white dentition. However, that is non all thither is to move everyplace smashing verbal wellness. Healthy apply tissue also is an important part of tooth construction which enables our vigorous bright smile. Healthy mucil successions argonnt just important for your spontaneous examination wellness, only when they whoremaster also be important for your overall wellness. numerous seek studies suggest that opposite long-term, chronic health conditions mess be associated with periodontal unsoundnesss, a gumwood tree disease.Most studies suggest a possible involvement amongst periodontal diseases to other to a greater extent than serious chronic health conditions including feeling disease, diabetes, and maternal quality complications. The most common type of gum disease s is gingivitis which is a mild form of transmitting of gum. agree to Marian Mehegan, DDS, a regional womens health coordinator, gingivitis causes red, bootless gums, and it can also make the gums ladder easily. This form of gum disease does non top to loss of chock up or tissue around the teething. However, in a prolonged untreated period, it can become a periodontal disease (Womenshealth. ov). Based on PubMed Health, the US National Library of Medicine, periodontitis is defined as an punk and an contagion of the ligaments and bones that prolong the teeth (Ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth). periodontitis occurs when resulting inflammation or transmission of the gums is untreated or treatment is delayed. Infection and inflammation spreads from the gums to the ligaments and bone that fend for the teeth. As a result, the teeth become loose and eventually glisten out. mavin of the most chronic health conditions desire to problem with wholesome gum is stub disease.For a century the idea of a connecter in the midst of oral health and the lovingness has been around. But its only been in the brook 20 years that few health professionals run through interpreted this splice seriously enough to recommend dental care as a way of reducing the luck of tender kindlingedness disease. They believe that in that location is a connection between serious gum disease and cardiovascular condition. According to Dr. Kevin Marzo, Chief of Cardiology at Winthrop University Hospital in Mineola, New York, The bacterium that cause dental plaque whitethorn promote inflammation in the body eyond the utter including the lining of the course vessels, increasing the jeopardize for cardiovascular disease including heart struggles,(Cbs intelligence service. com). In the same way, the scientists believe in that respect is a connection between gum disease and atherosclerosis which causes heart disease. coronary arteria disease is a hardening of arteries due to th e buildup of fat person deposits on the lining of arteria walls. It causes high subscriber line pres positive(predicate), stroke, and coronary thrombosis (Dictionary of Medicine 24). According to the Fox news interviewed with Dr. motherfucker Lockhart, a professor of oral medicine at the Carolinas Medical meaning in Charlotte, N. C, there are dickens main theories are theme to explain how gum disease could contri stille to coronary heart disease. ane proposes that bacterium, which grow between your teeth and cause plaque to build-up, can premise the bloodstream when your gum starts bleeding, which happens easily if you start out gum disease. For example, mouth bacterium can enter the bloodstream during dental procedure and by tooth brush.Once in the blood stream, these organisms attach to pre-existing fatty deposits in coronary arteries (those that bring blood to the heart). This leads to inflammation, which whitethorn cause blood clots that can decrease blood flow to t he heart and cause a heart attack. The second speculation proposes these oral bacteria of gum disease cause the body to relegate antibodies that attack receptors on the cells lining the blood vessels and cause an inflammatory response. This inflammation may play a role in the further teaching of fatty deposits lining the artery walls that can cause blockages (Foxnews. om/health). However, the demonstration documentation the idea that plug intos gum disease to heart disease has ever been controversial. Hence, the American Heart Association reviewed 500 journal articles and studies and then(prenominal) reason out that there was no clear severalise that gum disease causes heart disease, or that treating gum disease would wealthy person any(prenominal) effect on those with a heart condition. Nevertheless, the review did find gaps in the understanding of the interaction between gum disease and heart disease and called for more seek. Scientists have identified the same en counter factors for twain heart and gum disease.As Lockhart said, Individuals who do not move over attention to the very powerful and well-proven risk factors like smoking, diabetes or high blood pressure may not pay close attention to their overall health, either,(Foxnews. com/health). In short, if you smoke, have miserable nutrition, diabetes, or are from a lower socio-economic background, then you are at high risk of gear uping gum disease, but these factors also contribute to heart disease. Next, the scientists believe that there is a two way relationship between gum disease and diabetes.First, people with diabetes are at limited risk for gum disease. There is a clear relationship between breaker point of blood sugar and severity of periodontitis. In the article, People with Diabetes at high gear Risk for Developing Gum Disease, by theAcademy of General Dentistry, it claimed that diabetes reduces the bodys granting immunity to infection, so the gums are at risk for gin givitis (Knowyourteeth. com). Studies have shown that those with diabetes are more susceptible to the development of oral infections and periodontal (gum) disease than those who do not have diabetes.For example, dry mouth, often a symptom of undiscovered diabetes, can cause soreness, ulcers, infections, gum disease, and tooth decay. According to Preshaw PMet al, The mechanisms that underpin the links between these two conditions are not completely understood, but involve aspects of immune functioning, neutrophil activity, and cytokine biology (Ncbi. nlm. nih. gov). In addition, theres a suggestion that if a person gum disease, it might predispose them to increase their risk of developing diabetes, because of the persistent infection in their body.While inflammation plays an obvious role in periodontal diseases, evidence in the medical literature also supports the role of inflammation as a major component in the cause of diabetes and diabetic complications. According Preshaw PM et a l. , Incidences of macroalbuminuria, which is a high levels of albumin in the urine related to kidney disorder, and end-stage renal disease are increased twofold and threefold, respectively, in diabetic individuals who also have severe periodontitis compared to diabetic individuals without severe periodontitis (Ncbi. lm. nih. gov). Therefore, by controlling your blood sugar, brushing and flossing every day, and visiting a dentist regularly, you can help prevent gum disease. Also, by maintaining good oral hygiene habits, it means you can reduce the risk of infection and inflammation which are the factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetes complications. Finally, gum disease has been linked to previous(p) birth and low birth lean. Until now, it was aspect that having gum disease could progress your risk of having a low-birth-weight baby.Researchers have not been able to confirm this link, but studies are still under way to learn more. Pregnant women may have the craving f or salty and sweet food and develop red, swollen gums that bleed easily. This condition is called pregnancy gingivitis. Pregnancy gingivitis commonly becomes apparent by and by in the second month of gestation and worsens as the pregnancy progresses forrader reaching a peak in the eighth month. In the last month of gestation, gingivitis usually decreases andfollwing post-partum the gingival tissues are found to be alike(p) to those seen during the second month of gestation.Doctor Mehegan stated that, pregnancy gingivitis is due to both poor oral hygiene and higher hormone levels (Women health. gov). According to a research called Pregnancy Gingivitis and Periodontitis and Its Systemic Effect by Kaur,Kharband Rai, pregnant women are likely to have swollen gums and bleeding during brushing because the inflammatory rejoinder to dental plaque is increased. With the hormonal changes of pregnancy, also termed as pregnancy gingivitis, both estrogen and progesterone increase gingival in flammation.However, it is not known if the pregnancy related gingival changes might be explained by increased vascularity and vascular flow alongside alterations in the immune system and/or changes in connective tissue metabolism. Nevertheless, the anatomy structure of tissue of pregnancy gingivitis is not different from that of the gingivitis in non-pregnancy state (Ispub. com). More recently, in the article, Periodontal Disease and Pregnancy by the Academy of General Dentistry suggested that periodontitis may also pose a challenge to the developing fetus.The excessive bacteria can enter the bloodstream through the pregnancy womens gums the bacteria can travel to the womb, triggering the production of chemicals called prostaglandins, which are suspected to induce premature labor (Knowyourteeth. com). All in all, there is no scientific data, hence far, to support the belief that get regular dental treatment, particularly regarding scenarios of pregnancy-related periodontal disea se, helps reduce the risk of preterm low-birth-weight babies. However, there are other overall health advantages to the mother, not to mention the more obvious oral health advantages.In conclusion, there is a potential link between gum diseases to chronic health conditions including heart disease, diabetes, and pregnancy complications. The scientists strongly believe in connection between gum diseases and heart disease based on two theories. One surmisal claimed that certain oral bacteria, which cause heart problems, get into the heart through the bloodstream when there is a cut in the gum. another(prenominal) theory emphasized that the bacteria of gum disease causes an inflammation reaction in the blood vessel which may resulting in development of fatty deposits that block the artery blood vessel.Regarding the connection between gum disease and diabetes, the health experts believe that diabetes patients are at high risk for gum diseases, and it is vice versa a serious gum disease could make diabetes patients knotty in control blood sugar. Finally, gum disease might link to preterm labor and low birth weight. Pregnancy women are at risk to pregnancy gingivitis due to the change in hormones, which could change the volume of gum tissues, and the combination of dental plaque. Moreover, if the pregnancy gingivitis delayed untreated, it leads to serious gum disease.The scientists believe that the bacteria which cause serious gum disease could reach the uterus and cause premature which results in low birth weight. However, there is no clear evidence to proof the connection between the gum diseases to heart disease, diabetes and pregnancy complications due to the same risk factors. Gum diseaseand heart disease share many common risk factors, including cigarette smoking, age and diabetes, and these factors are more likely to explain why diseases of the blood vessels and mouth occur in conjunction with each other.Although the scientists have inconclusive evidence to support their beliefs and are working on further research to support their hypothesis, it is known that good oral hygiene is still important for overall health. Hence, individuals should take care of their oral health as follows brush your teeth at least twice each day with fluoride toothpaste and floss your teeth, have a respectable life styles, and get regular checkups with your dentist. If you follow the suggestions, you perchance be able to prevent chronic systemic diseases. 1. What does your mouth have to say about your health?Dr. Kevin Marzo, Chief of Cardiology at Winthrop University Hospital in Mineola, New York. http//www. cbsnews. com/8301-504763_162-57353192-10391704/what-does-your-mouth-have-to-say-about-your-health/ 2. Gum disease doesnt cause heart attacks, experts say Dr. Peter Lockhart, a professor of oral medicine at the Carolinas Medical shopping mall in Charlott Published April 19, 2012 MyHealthNewsDaily Read morehttp//www. foxnews. com/health/2012/04/19/gum-di sease-doesnt-cause-heart-attacks-experts-say/ixzz2Pk3DMbvk 3. Periodontitis and diabetes a two-way relationship.Preshaw PM,Alba AL,Herrera D,Jepsen S,Konstantinidis A,Makrilakis K,Taylor R. Source School of Dental Sciences and Institute of cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, UK. p. m. emailprotected ac. uk http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/22057194 Diabetologia. 2012 Jan55(1)21-31. doi 10. 1007/s00125-011-2342-y. Epub 2011 Nov 6. 4. People with Diabetes at Higher Risk for Developing Gum Disease TheAcademy of General Dentistry(AGD http//www. knowyourteeth. com/infobites/first principle/article/? abc=p&iid=324&aid=8530 5.Periodontal Disease Causes Preterm Labor and pitiable Birth weightInfants Posted onApril 28, 2011 ThomasJ. Peltzer, DMD http//www. connecticutsedationdentist. com http//connecticutsedationdentist. wordpress. com/2011/04/28/can-gum-disease-actually- disturb-your-unborn-child/ 6. Research Pregnancy gingivitis and periodontitis and its systemic effect Author(s)Jasdeep Kaur,Simmi KharbandBalwant Rai SourceThe Internet Journal of Dental Science. (Dec. 10, 2008) Document eccentricReportFull TextCOPYRIGHT 2008 Internet Scientific Publications LLC http//www. ispub. com/ostia/index. php? xmlFilePath=ejournals. xml 7. Periodontal Disease and Preterm Low Birth Weight Babies According to Cannadian Dental Associstion, Studies are still world done to find out exactly how and why periodontal bacteria appears to have the effect it does. Researchers suspect that the prevalence of bacteria may affect the release of hormones responsible for starting contractions or rupturing membranes, though there has been no direct causal link found to date.The only thing for sure is the definite increased risk to those pregnant mothers who have the disease. Darlene Oakley is a self-employed writer forEmpowHER. com How might problems in my mouth be linked to health problems in other par ts of my body? Heart disease. Before some dental treatments, patients who have certain heart conditions or joint replacements may take antibiotics. These people may be at risk of getting an infection when bacteria that lives in the mouth goes into the bloodstream during treatment. Antibiotics lower this risk.Talk to your recompense or dentist if you are not sure whether you should take antibiotics in the lead dental treatment. http//www. womenshealth. gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/oral-health. cfmg Oral health fact sheet was reviewed by MarianMehegan,D. D. S. ,M. P. H. CAPT,USPHS RegionalWomensHealthCoordinator USDHHS Office on Womens Health Healthy teeth for a healthy heart? http//www. abc. net. au/health/thepulse/stories/2012/06/19/3528574. htm. UWOHEpOG2SoBut could keeping your gums healthy also help to reduce your risk of having a heart attack?But to date the evidence supporting this idea has always been controversial. So the American Heart Association (AHA) dec ided to review the existing research to see what the data suggests. The Associations review concluded while a link was biologically plausible, there was no clear evidence that gum disease causes heart disease, or that treating gum disease would have any effect on those with a heart condition. However, the review did find gaps in the understanding of the interaction between gum disease and heart disease, and called for more research.Professor Malcolm westside, professor of medicine at the University of Queensland and consultant cardiologist at Brisbanes Prince Charles Hospital, agrees there needs to be more research before we have a definitive answer. The potential link between the two hasnt been clarified as much as people would like and were left with this question mark, tungsten says. One of the problems with linking the two conditions is that they have many of the same risk factors, watt says. So when trying to say one thing causes another, to try to stave off how those other risk factors are interfering is quite difficult, West says.Example If you smoke, have poor nutrition, diabetes, or are from a lower socio-economic background then you are at higher risk of developing gum disease, but these factors also contribute to heart disease. Two main theories are aspect to explain how gum disease could contribute to coronary heart disease, West says. One proposes that organisms, which grow between your teeth and cause plaque to build-up, can enter the bloodstream when your gum starts bleeding, which happens easily if you have gum disease.Once in the blood stream, these organisms attach to pre-existing fatty deposits in coronary arteries (those that return blood to the heart). This leads to inflammation, which may cause blood clots that can decrease blood flow to the heart and cause a heart attack. The second theory proposes these bacteria cause the body to develop antibodies that attack receptors on the cells lining blood vessels and cause an inflammatory r eaction. This inflammation may play a role in the further development of fatty deposits lining the artery walls that can cause blockages.Diabetes. http//www. womenshealth. gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/oral-health. cfmg People with diabetes are at special risk for gum disease. Gum disease can lead to flagitious chewing and even tooth loss. Dry mouth, often a symptom of undetected diabetes, can cause soreness, ulcers, infections, and tooth decay. People with diabetes can also get thrush. hummer makes these problems worse. By controlling your blood glucose, brushing and flossing every day, and visiting a dentist regularly, you can help prevent gum disease.If your diabetes is not under control, you are more likely to develop problems in your mouth. http//www. abc. net. au/health/thepulse/stories/2012/06/19/3528574. htm. UWOHEpOG2So - Theres an ever expanding list of conditions that have been investigated in relation to gum disease, says Associate Professor Ivan Darby, head of Population Oral Health and periodontia at the University of Melbourne. For example, theres a suggestion that if youve got gum disease it might predispose you or increase your risk of developing diabetes, ecause of the persistent infection in your body. Pregnancy. http//www. womenshealth. gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/oral-health. cfmg Use good oral hygiene to control your risk of gum diseases. Pregnant women may have changes in taste and develop red, swollen gums that bleed easily. This condition is called pregnancy gingivitis. Both poor oral hygiene and higher hormone levels can cause pregnancy gingivitis. Until now, it was thought that having gum disease could raise your risk of having a low-birth-weight baby.Researchers have not been able to confirm this link, but studies are still under way to learn more. http//www. abc. net. au/health/thepulse/stories/2012/06/19/3528574. htm. UWOHEpOG2So Another is the link between preterm birth or low birth weight and gu m disease, Darby says. The master copy suggestion was that women that had preterm birth had more gum disease than those who went to full term. approximately studies say yes and some say no, so it really is inconclusive. But plausibly like heart disease, having gum disease in addition to other factors adds to your risk, he says.Definition of Gumdiseases - http//www. womenshealth. gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/oral-health. cfmg Gum diseases are infections caused by bacteria, along with mucus and other particles that form a sticky plaque on your teeth. brass instrument that is left on teeth hardens and forms tartar. Gingivitis (jin-juh-VEYE-tuhss) is a mild form of gum disease. It causes red, swollen gums. It can also make the gums bleed easily. Gingivitis can be caused by plaque buildup. And the longer plaque and tartar stay on teeth, the more harm they do.Most gingivitis can be treated with daily brushing and flossing and regular cleanings at the dentists office. T his form of gum disease does not lead to loss of bone or tissue around the teeth. But if it is not treated, it can advance to periodontitis (pair-ee-oh-don-TEYE-tuhss). Then the gums pull away from the teeth and form infected pockets. You may also lose supporting bone. If you have periodontitis, see your dentist for treatment. Otherwise your teeth may loosen over time and need to be removed. Oral health A window to your overall health What conditions may be linked to oral health?