Understanding the Reasons Behind Marijuana Prohibition

A Discourse Community As A Group Of People That Has An...

John Swales defines a discourse community as a group of people that has an agreed set of common public goals, ways to communicate with its members, to provide information and feedback, genre(s) that the group may further communicate its goals, lexis, and a threshold level of members (220-2). The group I chose to study St. Luke Church of God in Christ, St. Luke COGIC, bears the qualifications to be a discourse community. Founded in 1925 by Millissis Shannon and her husband Charles with only twelve members, pastoring St. Luke COGIC is Elder E. A. Shannon with over eight hundred members (St. Luke Church of God in Christ). This church is a great church to attend and has several activities, groups, departments, and ministries for any person at any age. Some of them include Sunday School, music, men’s, women’s, youth, children’s, and Bible Study and they all help to reach the community and lead people to Christ. The church’s mission statement states that their p urpose is, â€Å"to function as a Christian fellowship where the gospel of Jesus Christ is preached and the ordinances and doctrine of the church is taught and administered†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (St. Luke OB). My goal while observing and interviewing people was to figure out how people praise and worship the Lord at St. Luke COGIC on a Sunday. Watching with minimum participation and just watching at what the church members did (McCarthy page 234) is how I observed St. Luke COGIC. On Sunday, services start at 8:00 a.m. and end at around 9:00 p.m.Show MoreRelatedThe American Sign Language Community Essay1221 Words   |  5 Pagescertain communities. School, jobs, families, sports, extracurricular activities, and many other communities are just a few we come into contact with. Although these may seem to appear the same, there are specific types of communities such as a discourse community. A discourse community is a group of people involved in and communicating about a particular topic, issue, or in a particular field (Webcourses, N.d, Website) that has a share a common set of goals and attempt to achieve these goals (SwalesRead MorePurdue University s Own Boiler Bhangra1233 Words   |  5 Pagesis one of the many distinct discourse communities on campus. The team was founded back in the spring of 2006, in an effort to shar e the unique culture and dance style of bhangra with the body of Purdue, as well as to compete on levels that range from local to national. The Boiler Bhangra team is a perfect example of Swales’ definition of a discourse community; that is, the team perfectly follows the requirements for a group to be considered a discourse community, as set by John Swales. One of theRead MoreQuestions On Pharmacy Discourse Community1560 Words   |  7 Pages2016 Project 1: Pharmacy Discourse Community †¢ What is a discourse community? In today’s world, everyone takes part in different discourse communities such as involuntary or academic memberships (Johns, 501). A discourse community is a group of dedicated people who share the same ideas, goals, and forms of communication about the field they are interested in. A discourse community has a broadly agreed set of common public goals† and â€Å"use communication to achieve these goals† (Swales, 471). As a freshmanRead MoreA Discourse Community Is A Group Of People Who Share A1490 Words   |  6 PagesA discourse community is a group of people who share a common goal, as well as communicate about a certain topic. John Swales, a linguist known for his genre analysis work, defines it as groups that have goals or purposes, and use communication to achieve these goals. Not only are these communities common across the world, but they are common in every area. These communities are so common that many are a part of one or many and aren’t aware o f it. According to Swales, there are six characteristicsRead MoreThe Franklin Road Church Youth Groups Are More Than Just a Religion1681 Words   |  7 PagesRoad Church of Christ youth group consists of youth of all ages. The group is divided into three subgroups: Tots for Christ (TFC), Kids for Christ (KFC), and the Senior Youth Group (SYG). In particular, for this essay I will be explaining how the Senior Youth Group is a discourse community. Franklin Road’s SYG consists of the ages 11-18. Within the group we do various things such as going to youth retreats, youth conferences, and many more; just to name a few. The group has been around for many yearsRead MoreThe Discourse Of A Discourse Community1224 Words   |  5 PagesA discourse community is defined as a group of people involved in and communicating about a particular topic, issue, or in a particular field. We all belong to multiple discourse communities.To earn a position of a discourse community one must possess accura te knowledge, establish reliability of members to be accepted and learn to persuade other members of the community. The discourse community that I identify with personally and the profession I plan to pursue is the world of film production. HoweverRead MoreDiscourse Community Essay1098 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 101 section 61 9/16/14 A Discourse Community Have you ever been among people who are very much like you? That it does not matter what differences you have you all have a lot more in common. A member of 4-H constitutes a discourse community because of an agreed set of common public goals, level of membership, and something that provides information and feedback. An agreed set of public goals for our community is that as a whole group we do a lot of community service. For a couple of yearsRead MoreSpringboard Diving As A Discourse Community2107 Words   |  9 PagesSpringboard Diving as a Discourse Community The world of diving has been around since the 1800’s and has been seen at the Olympic games since 1904. It first started off being called â€Å"fancy-diving† where the aim was to plunge into the water and see who could achieve the furthest depth underwater. It then progressed and became more complex involving specific skills and dives which first only men were allowed to participate in, and later women came into the society. To this day, diving is one of theRead MoreThe Fantasy Football League1355 Words   |  5 PagesFantasy football is one discourse community that I participate in every year along with my friends and family. If a stranger were to listen to any conversations we were having about fantasy football, they may not understand some of the knowledge that is required of someone to contribute to the fantasy football domain. This is true because within a fantasy football league there are many different phrases and terminology that we would not use on a regular b asis. I would like to start off by explainingRead MoreLife As A Social Worker1574 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Worker Growing up, I would watch the people in my community. I picked up on the things we considered to be socially acceptable. My community is predominantly filled with Latino and African American culture. Though, both come from two different ethnic groups, beliefs and practices, they share a common socioeconomic factor. I remember observing the gang violence, prostitution, drug and alcohol abuse, and children wandering the streets. Most people coming from a higher income status would be

Pizza Hut - 4871 Words

â€Å"Should Pizza Hut open a new outlet in Baroda?† Word count:4059(without abstract) Abstract Pizza Hut is the largest restaurant chain with over 123 restaurant crossways in 32 cities. Pizza Hut is planning to open a new outlet in Baroda. Consequently, Pizza Hut believes that they can increase their growth by forthcoming outlet successfully. Executives at Pizza Hut are currently investigating various methods in support of opening a new outlet. This essay aims to answer the following question: â€Å"Should Pizza Hut open a new outlet in Baroda?† In order to reach a valid conclusion, analysis of both qualitative and quantitative factors were conducted. The primary data was obtained through†¦show more content†¦This essay aims to answering the following question: â€Å"Should Pizza Hut open a new outlet in Baroda?† 1. http://www.pizzahut.com/OurStory.aspx 2. http://www.pizzahut.com/OurStory.aspx 3. http://220.226.195.78/pizzahut.co.in/about_us.php 4. http://220.226.195.78/pizzahut.co.in/about_us.php 5. http://www.pizzahut.com/OurStory.aspx 6. http://www.pizzahut.com/OurStory.aspx 7. (Manager of Pizza Hut). Personal interview RESEARCH QUESTION Pizza Hut is an established brand all over India. To increase the growth of the new outlet, Pizza Hut recently set up a new market research on the outskirts of Baroda with the investment of __ Basically, Pizza Hut firms in India send Managers to spread proper awareness about their new outlet among the customers through different types of advertising and keep the customers informed about their advancements in current outlets 10. Commercially, I expect that the opening of the new branch will lead to an increase in sales in Baroda, Gujarat, and could increase the market share of Pizza Hut. For this reason, they want to be able to successfully market their new firm when it is commercially launched. As previously mentioned, to increase its growth and successfully market their upcoming outlet, Pizza Hut has been reviewing various promotionShow MoreRelatedPizza Hut3185 Words   |  13 PagesThis project focuses on the motivation of Pizza Hut. There are a lot of factors involved when it comes to the motivation of OB, which companies have to deal with. In our project we have focused on SOME issues: 1. Organizational behavior 2. Organizational structure 3. Organizational Culture 4. Social and economic condition 5. Stimulating Innovation Change 6. Improving, Quality Productivity 7. Coping with Temporariness 8. Improving People Skills 9. Responding to Globalization 10. ImprovingRead MorePizza Hut : The Largest Pizza Chain1576 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary Pizza Hut is the largest pizza chain in the world, with over 13,000 units in more than 94 countries. Pizza Hut Canada has over 300 units from coast to coast, with two distinct restaurant builds to service dine-in and delivery channels. Pizza Hut is already established as a world leader in pizza, resulting in the trust and respect of consumers. The mission with this new franchise would be to further extend and build upon Pizza Hut’s good reputation, and there is plenty of confidenceRead MoreEssay on Pizza Hut1894 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ MGT 3446 – International Business and Management Final Project Yum! Brands: Pizza Hut India Muyuan Wan 06/20/2013 Executive Summary Yum Brands has enjoyed international success for many years. This is especially true of Pizza Hut in India. Pizza Hut India practices a strategy of localization that has appealed to and attracted many local consumers. As age demographics shift, fast food is becoming increasingly popular. With these changes within the country, Yum will continue to experienceRead MorePizza Hut4898 Words   |  20 PagesPROJECT REPORT ON PIZZA HUT Submitted By: * Shruti Bhatia (70) * Vikas Bansal (88) * Vipul Agarwal (90) * Dhruv Sahni(22) * Neha(42) * Aakanksha Vashistha(1) INDEX S. NO | PARTICULARS | PAGE | 1. | Pizza Hut – The Introduction | 3-5 | 2. | Ansoff Matrix | 6 | 3. | Quality Management | 7 | 4. | Perceptual Mapping | 8 | 5. | Technological Changes | 9-11 | 6. | Pizza Hut Service Quality Dimensions | 12--13 | 7. | Chase Strategy | 14 | 8. | SWOT | 15Read MorePizza Hut : Success And Success1195 Words   |  5 PagesPizza Hut is one of the most widely known pizza chains worldwide. It was founded in 1958 in Wichita, Kansas and is owned by Yum Brands Inc., based in Louisville, Kentucky. Since its establishment till today, Pizza Hut has more than 11,139 branches internationally, including in countries like China, Saudi Arabia and Malaysia. Since half a decade ago, Pizza Hut has built its name and reputation of being one of the most favorable pizza brands by the pizza lovers worldwide. This statistic, however, hasRead MoreService Marketing-Pizza Hut13362 Words   |  54 Pages[Year] IBS Administrator [PIZZA HUT: AN ANALYSIS OF SERVICES] Submitted to: Prof. K.C. Prakash Submitted By: Pallavi (07BS2758) â€Æ' Table of Contents Company Profile †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.02 Industry profile†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 Major competitors profile†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 Literature review†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.20 Marketing Mix Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..23 Marketing Mix Of Competitors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MorePizza Hut1925 Words   |  8 PagesHISTORY OF PIZZA HUT: PIZZA HUT was established on June 15 1958 in wichita university campus, wichita, kansas by two brothers FRANK and DAN CARNEY. The brothers had the concept of opening a pizza parlour which was relatively new during the 1950s and the potential of this business was seen by the two. They borrowed around six hundred dollars from their mother to buy second-hand equipments, machineries and rent a small space to open the first Pizza Hut. The next year, the second store was openedRead MorePizza Hut-the Complete Package1347 Words   |  6 PagesPizza Hut, The Complete Package Management: Theory, Practice, Application MGT/330 Pizza Hut: The Complete Package Today we live in a society that demands convenience and accessibility. The food service industry has demonstrated its ability to grow and lead this revolution of convenience through some of the most creative initiatives to date. Many fast food chains such as McDonalds, Taco Bell, and Pizza Hut continue to satisfy their customer base by planning initiatives that refine theirRead MoreMy Experience At Pizza Hut1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe people who make a difference in your life come in all types. Some write on a chalkboard. Some wear a sports uniform. Some wear a suit and tie. For me, that person wore a tie with a Pizza Hut logo on it. I started working at Pizza Hut in December 1989, when I was a freshman in high school. Parents in my small western Colorado town encouraged teenagers to work in the service industry after school and on weekends. It kept us out of trouble. Having a job also kept me out of the house. I grew up mostlyRead MoreConsumer Behavior of Pizza Hut4215 Words   |  17 PagesExecutive Summary Pizza hut is the multinational company which is operating in United States, Philippines, Malaysia and many others countries. Pizza Hut (corporately known as Pizza Hut, Inc.) is an American restaurant chain and international franchise that offers different styles of pizza along with side dishes including pasta, buffalo wings, breadsticks, and garlic bread. Pizza Hut is a subsidiary of Yum! Brands, Inc. (The worlds largest restaurant company) with approximately 34,000 restaurants

Political Economy A Branch Of Social Science - 1187 Words

Political economy is a branch of social science. The term of political economy has come from Greek word ‘polis’ means city or state and ‘oikonomos’ meaning one who manages a household or state. So we can tell political economy thus can be understood as the study of how a country or household is manage or governed taking into account both political and economic factors (David N Balaan) According to Adam Smith â€Å"Politic al economy is a branch of science of a statement or legislature concerned with providing a plentiful revenue or subsistence for the people, supplying the state or commonwealth with a revenue sufficient for public service† So we can tell that political economy is about 1) Regarding to the economy role of the state 2) Interaction between political and economical process. 3) Based on property and wealth, distribution of political power. My topic is the political economy behind good relationship between the USA and Saudi Arabia. So it means the good relationship and behind this what political and economical reason are working. Relationship between USA and Saudi Arabia: The relationship between USA and Saudi Arabia is problematic. The two countries are fully different from one another. One is ultraconservative Islamic absolute monarchy and another is secular democratic republic, but within them have special relationship. The relation began from 1933. The formal president George W Bush and present president Barak Obama have close and strong relationship with SaudiShow MoreRelatedPolitical Economy As A Branch Of Social Science Essay2224 Words   |  9 PagesFor a long time, political economy as a branch of social science has been used when studying relationships between organisations and also between the market and a country (Veseth, n.d). This can be translated as understanding the management of an institution while at the same time taking into account both the internal and external factors that may influence its operations. With this, there has been proof of significant transformations and the emergence of great political economists from various regionsRead MoreThe Five Paradigms Of Public Administration1196 Words   |  5 Pagesis new unique synthesizing field. This is because many conceived that Public Administration as a discipline is an amalgam of organization theory, management science and the concept of public interest. It is now, time to time establish itself as an institutionally autonomous enterprise in colleges and universities in order to retain its social relevance and worth. Paradigm:1, The politics/Administration: The concentration of study during this period was on lucus where public administration should be†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay on Sociology and Social Sciences1144 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Social Sciences Complete and submit this assignment by the due date to receive full credit. (7 points) 1. Rank the seven social sciences (anthropology, economics, geography, history, political science, psychology, and sociology) according to what you believe is their importance and influence on the people in a modern society. Answer: 1.Psychology (How humans think influences most, if not all of the social sciences.)   2.Sociology (This helps figure out how society thinks. If you understandRead MoreModernization of Japan: The Meiji Restoration Essay638 Words   |  3 Pageswas a time of political and social revolution. It brought momentous social, political and economic changes to Japan, and these changes became the foundation of the Japan we know today. Prior to the 1868 Restoration, Japan was a militarily weak country with a feudal agricultural society, and was controlled by feudal lords. When the Meiji period ended with the Emperors death in 1912, Japan was a well-developed nation with a constitutional monarchy, an elected government, a strong economy, a powerfulRead MoreThe Issues Of Time And Speed918 Words   |  4 Pagesre-organization of political institutions in Democracy Realized. In basic terms, Unger wants to accelerate politics so that lawmaking can keep up with the now rapid speed of economic and cultural life. For Unger, slow political time, in the form of traditional constitutio nal governance, is a conservative impediment to progress and a recipe for low political participation. Progressivism requires institutional innovation to become more responsive to the rapid changes in the economy that might callRead MoreCsr : Corporate Social Responsibility Essay1285 Words   |  6 PagesCSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility and it is a concept with many definitions and practices and also a buzzword in the media. In general, corporate social responsibility is the policies and programs of business corporations which tend to benefit society while improving a corporation’s public image and profitability at the same time. The meaning of it is implemented in different countries and companies differently. Warren Buffet said that it takes 20 years to build a reputation and onlyRead MoreThe Foxhole Court, By Writer Nora Sakavic Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesanalyzing political economic factors behind such as values in present market demand, how domestic and international interact with the matter, consistency with developing economy, financial advancement, market orientation one can choose one’s future. Without scrutinizing these sections decisions may take for personal gain or achievement. This is the why I like to choose The subject â€Å"Public Administration† at renowned University of Dhaka. Political Economy : Political Economy, branch of social science thatRead MoreSwitzerland Is A Federalist State, Where The Power Is Divided1467 Words   |  6 Pagesmatters is through the principle of subsidiarity, where a smaller branch of the government can handle issues and solve them, instead of having the more powerful branch of government handle those issues. In Switzerland, the people hold the most power, which allows the people to vote on the country’s issues and voice their opinions to each of the individual parts of the political systems. The confederation, the highest of the three political systems, handles duties relating to foreign and security policyRead More Philosophers of the Age of Enlightenment Essay examples1477 Words   |  6 PagesEnlightenment. The Enlightenment carried the idea that economic change and political reform were possible. People started to think that they could use their own intellect to challenge the intellectual authority of tradition and the Christian past. The people who wrote for change and reform were called the philosophes (French for philosophers). They wrote hoping to bring reform to religion, political thought, society, government, and the economy. Thanks to the print culture, the philosophes’ ideas were spreadRead MoreThe Constitution of the Philippines1557 Words   |  7 Pagesjurisdiction, and the terrestrial, fluvial and aerial domains including the territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves and other submarine areas. Article II - Declaration of Principles and State Policies Sets down basic social and political creed of the country. particularly the implementation of the constitution, Set forth the objectives of the government, provide the interpretation of specific provisions of the fundamental law and help court in its decisions. Some of its provisions

Beethoven Biography free essay sample

Ludwig van Beethoven is perhaps the most famous and Influential of all the pianist composers of his time. He was considered instrumental In the transition of between the classical and romantic eras In Western Art Music. Beethoven was born on December 1 6th, 1770 In Bonn (now called Cologne, Germany) to parents of Belgian descent. HIS father, Johann, was a musician at the court of Bonn, and his mother, Maria, whom he later deemed as his best friend, was described as a warmhearted gentle women.There were seven children born into his family, only three survived, in which Ludwig was the oldest. Johann supplemented his income by teaching piano and violin and so took an interest in teaching Ludwig from a very early age. He began to see Ludwig as prodigy, a young Mozart. Ludwig gave his first public performance at the age of 7-1/2, In cologne, however, his father exploited his son, announcing that he was only 6. Because of this, Beethoven was always thought of as being younger than he actually was. Ludwig soon outgrew the teachings of his father and began to study with Christian Gotten Neff, who was the Courts organist.Neff taught Ludwig about composition and by March of 1783, had helped him write his first published composition: a set of keyboard variations. He then began working with Neff as an assistant organist and published three piano sonatas. By his teenage years, Beethoven had become influenced by the political philosophies of the time, such as freemasonry and Order of the Illuminate. In 1787 Beethoven traveled to Vienna, as Vienna was becoming a beacon of culture and music. He had hoped to be able to study with Mozart. It is unclear if Beethoven actually met or studies with Mozart.After two weeks, Ludwig learned that his mother was dying and so went back home. HIS mother died shortly thereafter. His father turned to alcohol and left Beethoven to care for his younger siblings for 1 OFF He then returned to Vienna and was introduced to many influential people during this time. Franz Wiggler, a young medical student, introduced Ludwig to the von reining family, where he taught piano to some of the children. Beethoven would eventually come to marry one of the von Briefings young daughters. Everyone in the musical and aristocratic world would come to admire the young composer. They Nerve indeed Beethovens greatest supporters. He often became angry with one or all of them, however, his talents often excused his excessive, impulsive behavior. In 1796 Beethoven began to lose his hearing (the cause of this is unknown, but recent tests on Beethovens hair indicate he may have had lead poisoning). He was lust 26 years of age. He also suffered from ringing in the ears, this made if hard for him to hear music. Because of this, he often avoided conversation. In 1800, Beethoven organized a concert in Vienna, including among his other Norms, his first symphony. At the time, this symphony was considered strange, overly extravagant, and even risquà ©. At this very young age, Beethoven was pushing the boundaries of music for the times. In 1801, Beethoven confessed to his friend that he feared he was becoming deaf. On advice from his doctor, he moved to a small town called Halogenated in an attempt to come to terms with his deafness. Over time, his hearing loss became profound. There is a well known story about Beethoven that at one of his concerts, he had to be turned around to hear the thunderous applause from the audience, but upon hearing nothing, he wept.However, it did not stop him from composing music. He continued to compose, although playing concerts became impossible, after an attempt to play his symphony #5 at a concert in 1811, in which he failed miserably, he never played biblically again. He tried many types of hearing aids, IEEE. , a special ear horn but to no avail. By 1814 Beethoven was totally deaf, so he devised a plan to have a conversation book, in which his friends wrote down their conversations to be able to communicate with him. He could then respond orally or in the book.Out off total 400 conversation books, 264 books were altered to destroyed after Beethovens death by Anton Schneider (Beethovens biographer) , who wished only an idealized biography of the composer to survive. In 1807, Beethoven wrote his third symphony for Bonaparte. Bonaparte was seen as a liberator of people, which then opened the door of hope for all people. However, thieving became angry and when the First Consul declared himself emperor and put that anger into his music, spewing out his name from the musical score.It was During this time period, Ludwig was commissioned by the Viennese government o begin composing an opera, entitled Lenore. This would be the only opera he Mould compose. Critics speculate it is because he was not skilled in this area. It Net through several revisions and was retiled Fiddled, against his wishes. It debuted on November 20th, 1805 to a very small audience of French officers under Napoleon. From the 1805 onward, Beethovens productivity increased dramatically, having reached his musical maturity. He had become regarded as one of the most important in a generation of young composers, following Hayden and Mozart. Thieve continued to teach students, and one student, Franz Lists, premiered dovecotes fifth piano concerto, entitled The Emperor in 1812. Beethoven had been supported in Vienna by many wealthy benefactors in order to be able to pursue his love of music freely. However, that came to an end when Prince Lobotomize fell into financial difficulty, and Prince Sink died. Thereafter, Beethoven had to struggle for money and financial independence. In 1813, Johann Envenom Emanuel, inventory, made contact with Ludwig, creating arioso devices to help Beethoven with his hearing. Beethoven created The Victory of Wellington, a work written for a mechanical instrument created by Emanuel called the pan harmonica, but it was above all the metronome, which helped evolve music and Beethoven took an interest immediately, and this helped him to play music as he Niches it to be played, with his hearing deficits. 1814, Beethoven wrote his seventh and eighth symphonies, and also re-worked his opera, renaming it Fiddled, gaining popularity with the new version. In November 1815, Ludwig life would take a dramatic change. His brother died, paving custody of his son, Karl, aged 9, to be shared by both his wife and Beethoven.He found it very hard to raise the child, being deaf and unable to understand him. He often was in conflict with his sister in law. In 1816, Carl Czerny (past student of Beethoven) became Karts music teacher, but he did not find him to be talented, as Beethoven had wished him to be. At this time, thieving would draft the first theme as to what would become his ninth and final be his greatest, and considered by some to be the greatest piece of music ever ruttier. It was commissioned by the Philharmonic Society of London, and debuted n 7th of May, 1824 in Vienna.Unfortunately, the ninth symphony was not financially rewarding. Financial problems continued to undermine the composer. At this time, he began to compose the last quartet, in the midst of failing health. He was now 54. He was ill and bedridden, however, he was able to complete the Fifteenth quartet during this time. Slow to recover, he continued on to complete the remainder of Thirteen, Fourteen and Sixteen, when he took sick again and remained In bed for many months. Beethoven died on March 26, 1827 at the age of 56, during a thunderstorm.An autopsy revealed that he had significant liver from alcohol. It is estimated that he composed over 650 pieces of music, including nine symphonies, nine concertos and 32 piano Sonatas, and many other unfinished Norms. There is no clear agreement among critics and scholars as to Beethovens most significant contribution to classical music. This, more than anything else, speaks to the composers true greatness and talent. It cannot be disputed that Beethoven played an essential role in influencing composers to this day because his achievements were so numerous and his scope of music was so vast.

Auditing and Assurance in Australia Business Breach Contract

Question: Discuss about the Auditing and Assurance in Australia for Business Breach Contract. Answer: Overview The relationship between the clients and the auditors considered to be contractual (Basu, 2012). Clients or customers can sue the auditors, if they are unable to fulfill the tasks, as per the agreement. The clients seek for solutions in case of the breach of contract that result to damages, which might be raised due to the violation of contracts. In the similar context, the accountant can also be sued by customers on the basis of the tort law, which indicates the wrong doing of a person to another person such as damaging property or reputation. However, the customers can only sue the accountant and the auditor, if they have conducted any fraud or negligence. In addition to this, the accountants can also be charged by the third parties on the ground of fraud cases (Florida Gulf Coast University, 2003). The concept of auditors liability has gained a substantial space in the economic and accountant domain within past few years in both national and international level. The auditors have to maintain a good audit practicing by ensuring ethical considerations and presence of transparency (Moberg, 2009). The purpose of the paper is to conduct an in-depth analysis on the possible liabilities faced by the auditors, as an effect of the global financial crisis. Auditing Liabilities in Australia The auditors liabilities have made a significant rise in regards to the changing obligations of auditors and have been subjected to various laws, including common and contract law. There are several audit governing entities, comprising of ICCA (Institute of chartered Accountants in Australia) and CPA Australia, which control the actions of the auditors with the help of certain guidelines or standards. Auditing is also controlled by the ASIC (Australian Securities and Investments Commission) due to the fact that the auditors in Australia are more exposed to the liabilities, as compared to the other countries (Nguyen and Rajapakse, 2009). Auditing and Financial Crisis The objective of financial auditing is to understand and evaluate the financial statements of companies. After the evaluation of all the financial activities, the auditors provide opinions about the current position of the company along with its future potential in the domain. In addition to this, auditors are also liable for providing suggestions to the company based on the auditing results so that the management can initiate accordingly. However, in this case the company has choices whether it will take measures based on the auditors recommendations or acquire external consultant. It is not necessary for the auditors to provide suggestions on the situation, as they only concentrate on examining the activities or operations of a company on the basis of all the available information. In the recent decades, there are several organisations that are unable to satisfy the requirements or follow the standard of auditing as well as include unethical activities for which the government or t he entire domain can face huge downturn. In this regard, the financial crisis of can be considered to be an ideal example for economic downturn, which resulted towards rapid shift the domain. The steps taken by financial institutions governments can only concentrate on overcoming the situation in long run rather it should focus on short run perspective in terms of the clients and the customers to regain their trust. Through these actions the financial system might be able to satisfy the needs by increasing transparency within work environment of the companies (Todea and Stanciu, 2009). Auditing prior to the financial crisis was never considered to be an important concept. In this regard, it is observed that Singapore is one of many countries, which has implemented auditing to enhance the performance of the companies, by engaging shareholders and controller of the companies in the auditing process. The assessment of the auditing process by the House of Lords Economic Affairs Committee has enhanced the concept of auditing within company practices, which led to the use of audit assessment to different offices such as Office of Fair Trading (EYGM Limited, 2011). After the financial crisis, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board in the US proposed to initiate changes in the Auditors Report Model, in order to prevent financial crisis in future. The ACCA strongly believed on the changes made in audit assessment process to add value in the business as well as in the overall economy (The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, 2011). The US financial crisis w as the first incident occurred in the year of 2008, which spread its impact across the world. According to the view presented by Pal (2010), the 2008 financial crisis is considered to be the reason for the great recession of 1923-1933, which was later also known as the Great Depression. The effects of the global financial crisis on auditing have led to huge shift in the practices of the profession (Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, 2016). The companies rarely use the audit assessment in an annual basis, as they only implement the processing after enforced by the law. Having single accounting language is considered to be the major concern of the financial crisis (Pal, 2010). The most important characteristic of the financial crisis has been originated by the financialization of economy in the West, including the US economy, which was responsible for creating large credits and risks. This was a result for improper and narrow mechanisms. The key sources of the US capitalism were banks, insurance companies and hedge funds, which faced loss around US $2.8 trillion. During the situation, the US government closed 22 banks, among which Lehman Brothers was one (Sikka, 2009). The US government has initiated several implications to mitigate the amount of loss and downturn by stabilizing the economy. In this regard, the auditing standards of the UK can be considered to be the most suitable practice, which are aligned with the international standards of auditing. Thus, the companies of the UK can have knowledge on their capabilities and financial abilities in the international prospect and encourage to continue with the business operations in overcoming the crisis situation. Maintenance of proper audit proceedings includes collecting relevant data and facts, which would assist the auditors in making adjustments and disclosure of auditing reports (Sikka, 2009). The global market has experienced several financial crises among which the effects of financial crisis in the year 2007-08 led the companies bankrupt and one of the companies that suffered as huge loss was the Lehman Brothers. Improper maintenance of the financial statement is considered to be the key factor for the company to be bankrupt. The audit assessment performed by the company in the month of January and July stated that the financial condition was comparatively higher, which in August started to declined and the company faced financial issues and ultimately led to bankrupt (US Securities Exchange Commission, 2008). The global crisis has led to several questions regarding auditing practices and its effectiveness in mitigating such crises in future. It is believed that the auditors hired from outside added credibility in the process of auditing and to the financial statements, whereas, auditors to have inside knowledge would provide the company excess information. This is cons idered to be one of the reasons for the rise of financial crisis. Thus, it is evident that inadequate process of auditing made the market unrest and forced the companies to face such a haphazard situation (Ferguson, 2008). The preparation of auditing reports largely focuses on the regulatory policies due to which they also hesitant to qualify the bank account in a fear that they would hamper the financial position of a company. Therefore, it is observed that one of the major reasons for the failure of banking system is the ignorance of auditors, which created panic and loss to the depositors as well as the customers. The financial capitalism is considered to be a keystone for leading banking system to crash in the Latin America (Ferguson, 2008). In spite of being conscious about the practice relating to the Repo 105, the auditors of the Ernst and Young and Lehman Brothers could implement the auditing practice in the organization framework, which would help to overcome financial downturn and regain lost position in the market (Chen and Zhang, 2012). Potential Liabilities Misstatement of Auditing Considering the scenario of the financial crisis of 2008 in the US, auditors hired by the companies had an essential role and were criticized by people for not anticipating the probable risks as well as for providing misstatements for some of the biggest companies. The companies implement the audit risk model in order to avoid risks or uncertainties related to the audit proceedings to control the risks (Cahan, and Zhang, 2006). The financial crisis of 2008 illustrated problems associated with auditing and accounting of the financial statements, which clearly indicate the significance of adopting change within the process and implement measures to avoid the same. Thus, the inabilities of auditors to maintain proper auditing process are considered as one of the key reasons for the rise of the financial crisis (Chen and Zhang, 2012). Assessment of Auditing The development of new rules, regulations and financial instruments are complicated in determining the prices and risks taken by the investors. Assessment of these risks in a proper way helps the company to have control on the financial systems. Another potential risk is the performance of review model investment portfolio and reorganization of methods in preventing the risks that affect the company. The auditors, while assessing the audit process, should be responsible for the activities such as audit engagement. Auditors need to sign the letter of engagement, which mention the terms and conditions and type of tasks that will be performed on the basis of accounting standards (American Institute of CPAs, 2016). Apart from this, the auditors are also responsible for formulating the objectives or goals and the frameworks. In this regard, the auditors must identify the nature and procedures of auditing, which should maintain professional skepticism related to frauds and errors. It can help in detecting any kind of misstatements that is obscured by the employee in-charge of the company such as the top level management. The detection of frauds and errors should be rectified in accordance with the International Standards of Auditing. In this context, it can be affirmed that the most essential responsibility of an auditor is to share their opinion with respect to the facts and figures of the financial statements reflecting the actual information (Todea and Stanciu, 2009). Inadequate Involvement Lack involvement of auditors is the primary cause for inadequate understanding of risks, bad lending and fault in the credit system. Accounting firms are the key aspects of the global crisis, thus led to formulating the new accounting principles. The new accounting principles concentrate more on the negligence of time and certain key issues relating to the relationship between auditors and the company they work for. It also focuses on the subjects such as procedures that were used by the companies to prevent issues such as valuation of the assets, errors and misstatements (Rapoport, 2010). Considering the situation of financial crisis, the regulators and the auditors of the bank were found guilty for violating the auditing standards and not performing their duties (Jones, 2011). The common standard of the audit processing involves an individual with sufficient technical experience have the ability to audit for a company. Positive attitude should be maintained by all the auditors in order to control errors within the procedure. Apart from this, the auditors should have control on the internal matters, which needs to achieve the objectives. The standards of the reporting should state the presentation of financial statements under the accounting principles of auditing. The report should also include expression of an opinion related to the financial statements or should have an assertion regarding the opinion (Cabral, 2014). Failures to Risk Auditing is to be believed to have a plan in order to overcome the risks associated with banking and other financial institutions by including risk model logarithms, which helps in understanding the causes for failure. Errors made by the managers are to be reported directly to the board, as the result of inadequate management can lead to high risks within the company. It is therefore suggested by Stulz (2009) that there are several types of risks such as failure of risks model, which refers to failure in using appropriate risk metrics to mitigate possible risks. This failure can also occur due to errors measurement of risks that are already known but fails to act. The risks can also arise due to inadequate communication between the auditors and the top level managements (Stulz, 2009). The auditors should be careful regarding the accounts related to financial statements, which are influenced by the estimates that are taken by the management. The making of these estimates is considered as a responsibility of the management and are often more vulnerable to the material misstatements as compared to other financial statements. The Auditing accounting estimates require auditors to verify all the essential estimates, which have been developed to provide more reasonable assurance. In addition, it should be ensured that the estimates are adequately performed a well as disclosed (Cabral, 2014). Misstatement in Prospectus According to the view presented in the Companies Act 2013, Section 35, when an individual subscribes a company for securities related to any kind of omission that might be misleading or suffered for any loss, then the individual will refer as promoter of the company. In this regard, the primary objective or the responsibility of auditors is to provide their opinion regarding the actual accounts or outcome of the auditing. A professional auditor should be guilty in case of providing wrong information or data to the clients or encourage them to act unethically. The auditors have full right to access the information on the company activities to find whether the client has initiated any fraud or unlawful acts. The responsibility of the professional auditors in such cases would be highly dependent on the actual conditions or the circumstances. The nature of audit services should majorly concentrates on both company as well as individual perspectives to know whether an individual is lookin g after the income tax procedures or representing the unreliable information (ICAI, 2014). Requirements for Auditing Concerning the determination of the required estimates, auditors need to develop risk model to validate the overall risk associated with the business. In order to evaluate the fairness of estimating the accounts, the auditors can use three basic approaches. This includes, reviewing, processing test management and developing the estimates, which involve assessing the rationality of the actions taken by the management. The auditors should also independently expand an estimated amount in comparison to the estimates made by the management. The auditors should also review subsequent proceedings or the transaction related to the estimate. This includes actual payment of amount estimated at the end of the year. In regards to the financial crisis, it is essential to know about whether to implement separate or the additional substantive proceedings among the financial institutions and banking systems. This practice will help the auditors to test the efficiency of internal controls on the mode l to calculate the risks (Cabral, 2014). Recommendations Based on the evaluation, it is further recommended to the company and the auditors that they need to follow quality audit processing by following the international standards in order to avoid future financial crisis. The auditor can also focus on meeting the needs of the market, which enabled the auditors to enhance their role in reducing the financial crisis. In addition, adequate proceedings of audit within the company will also enable to build trust among the company and other stakeholders, thus by gapping the issues prevailing in the company. Proper maintenance of the financial statements will help in sustaining the financial systems and companies to be bankrupt as well. Summary It is apparent that several corporate houses have been a victim of global financial crisis, based on which it is stated that the audit profession in Australia as well as in across the world have faced difficulties for the auditing procedures. Auditing is one of the most essential activities in an organization. It can be said that sometimes the financial crisis can be seen as an opportunity, which can be used in correcting certain parts of the financial institution that led to the crisis situation. The role of auditors in this context is the most essential factor to provide accurate reporting so that the company does not suffer loss or go bankrupt as in case of the Lehman brothers. The auditors must also assess the financial statements and review the accounting standards, which can ensure in gaining knowledge about the internal controls of the company. References American Institute of CPAs, 2015. Terms of Engagement. AU-C Section 210, pp.103-118. Basu, S. K., 2012. Auditing and assurance for ca IPCC. India: Pearson Education India. Cabral, W., 2014. Auditor liability and legal lacunae in relation to risk modelling assumptions and financial institution accounts in the context of the financial crisis. University of Zurich, pp.1-225. Cahan, S., and Zhang, W., 2006. After Enron: Auditor conservatism and ex-Anderson clients. The Accounting Review, 8(1), pp.49-82. Chen, H. Zhang, M., 2012. Audit Reaction on Financial Crisis. Audit Reaction, pp.1-12. EYGM Limited, 2011. UK house of lords economic affairs committee issues its final report auditors: Market concentration and their role. UK House of Lords final report, pp.1-5. Ferguson, N., 2016. The ascent of money: A financial history of the world. London: Penguin UK. Florida Gulf Coast University, 2003. Chapter 4--Overview of auditors legal liability. Liability to Clients-Common Law, pp.1-13. ICAI, 2014. Liabilities of Auditors. Chapter 7, pp.1-9. Jones, A., 2011. Auditors criticized for role in financial crisis. The Financial Times Ltd, [online] 30 March. Available at: https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/358b366e-59fa-11e0-ba8d-00144feab49a.html#axzz4JC3ndqwW [Accessed on 4 September 2016]. Moberg, K., 2009. Auditors liability for damages. Stockholm Institute for Scandianvian Law, pp.215-248. Nguyen, V. and Rajapakse, P., 2009. An Analysis of the Auditors Liability to Third Parties in Australia. Common Law World Review, 97, pp.9-44. Pal, T., 2010. The impact of the economic crisis on auditing. European Integration Studies, 8(1), pp.131-142. Baumann, M, 2014. Auditing: Perspectives on its role. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. [online] Available at: https://pcaobus.org/News/Speech/Pages/05292014_USF.aspx [Accessed on 4 September 2016]. Rapoport, M., 2010. Role of auditors in crisis gets look. Dow Jones Company, Inc, [online] Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703814804576036094165907626 [Accessed on 4 September 2016]. Securities Exchange Commission, 2008. SECs oversight of bear stearns and related entities: The consolidated supervised entity program. Office of Audits, pp.1-121. Sikka, P., 2009. Financial crisis and the silence of auditors. Accounting Organizations and Society, pp.1-6. Stulz, R. M., 2009. Risk management failures. Cornerstone Research, pp.1-16. The Association of Chartered Certified Accountants, 2011. Audit under fire: A review of the post-financial crisis inquiries. About ACCA, pp.1-18. Todea, N. and Stanciu, I. C., 2009. Auditor liability in period of financial crisis. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 11(1), pp.218-223

Why the New West Indies Federation Failed free essay sample

The West Indian Federation began in the twentieth century. A fedration is an organization within which smaller divisions have some internal independence. The West Indian Federation was one of the first attempts at federation in the Caribbean. This occurred from the year 1958-1962. The West Indies agreed to come together because this was the only way they could prove to Britain that they were ready for their independence. However, before they could prove this to Britain the Federation had gone done in history as a failure. Many factors led to the failure of the federation including its weakness, conflict among the states and the unwillingness of the large islands to be burdened by the smaller islands. One of the main reasons why the federation failed is because it was weak. The federation was only given powers over its internal affairs and any foreign matters were dealt with by England. In addition, the member states had different views on what the federation should entail. We will write a custom essay sample on Why the New West Indies Federation Failed or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eric Williams of Trinidad wanted a strong federation with the power to levy taxes, control economic development and set up custom union. The federal Prime Minister, Grantley Adams of Barbados was in support of this. Jamaica on the other hand, opposed all of this and wanted a weak federation that did not have the power of taxation. (Greenwood 1991) Jamaica and Trinidads disagreement on this point was not good for the federation. Eventually, this led to the breakdown of the federation. Conflict between individual member states and the federal government was a key reason for the breakdown of the West Indian federation. The idea of free movement within the units of the federation was not supported by Trinidad. Trinidad according to Greenwood and Hamber (2003) opposed the idea because her per capita income was twice that of the next richest country. In comparism to places like Barbados, Trinidad was under-populated and thus it was feared that immigrants would flock to the islands and take the Jobs of its citizens which would lead to an increase in unemployment. This was one reason for Trinidads withdrawal from the federation. According to Elizabeth Wallace (1996) Eric Williams strong objection to allowing free entry to other west Indians increased his existing hostility to the federation. Trinidad also encountered problems with the federation over Chaguaramas, the site for the federal capital which had been leased to the United States by Britain for 99 years. Trinidad negotiated for the capital and Grantley Adam felt this was wrong since the issue was a federal case and had to be dealt with by the federation. Jamaica was at loggerheads with the federation when it disagreed with customs union since that was the main earner of revenue. Therefore, when it was evident that the customs union would pull through Jamaica withdrew from the federation. In addition, Jamaica ave tax concession to an oil company which forced the federal prime minister to threaten retroactive taxation. Finally, the federation broke up because the large islands did not want to be burdened by the small islands. From the outset Jamaica and Trinidad thought that Britain supported the federation because she wanted to transfer responsibility for the smaller states on them. According to Elizabeth Wallace the striking imbalances among the territories in size, wealth were major reasons for the breakdown of the federation. Therefore, as soon as it was known that these two pted out. In theory the federation was ideal but in practice it was so overwhelming that it ended in 1962. Several factors worked in conjunction to bring about the demise of the federation namely the unwillingness of the larger islands to be burdened by the smaller islands, conflict between member states and the fact that the federation was weak from the beginning. Thus the federation was as Premier Barrow of Barbados stated an Unfederable federation from the beginning. Bibliography Ashdown, P. Humphreys, F. Caribbean Revision History For CXC, Oxford: Macmillan

Stoned Obituary An Analysis Of The Story Of The Adulterous Woman Essa

Stoned Obituary: An Analysis Of The Story Of The Adulterous Woman Stoned Obituary: An Analysis of The Story of the Adulterous Woman Look which of you that never sin wrought, But is of life cleaner than she, Cast at her stones and spare her not, Clean out of sin if that ye be. (N-Town: Woman Taken In Adultery: Medieval Drama; Bevington, David; Houghton Mifflin, 1975) Who among us has never sinned? And, in our place as fellow victims of our own all too human nature, have we any right to pass judgement on those who do the same as we do, if with less discretion? If so, this begs the question of whether morality lies in following the social mores or if it is all in hiding from the public eye how often you don't follow them. It seems that Jesus, or at least John's version1 of Jesus and, later, the playwright of the N-Town Cycle, following in his footsteps, believed that the appearance of a moral life is worthless without the genuine article to buttress it. It sounds like a solid principle, and one that could be applied, even today, but despite the similarities in the texts, did the mediaeval context provide less charitable messages along with the story's original intended moral? And, for that matter, is there more than first appears to that original moral? Among the gospels, only John makes mention of the Adulterous Woman, which brings to question the probability of the actual occurrence. However, the differences between John and the Synoptic gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) have led many scholars to believe that John may have been written to supplement the material found in the other three gospels. It is believed that the Gospel of John was written later than the Synoptic gospels, but the debate still stands as to how much later; estimates range from 75 A.D. to 145 A.D. However, scrolls containing versions of John's gospel dated to 135 A.D. have been found as far as Syria, which improves the likelihood of John's claim that he is a disciple of Jesus. This would place the original writing of the gospel at no later than 100 A.D., and very likely somewhere around 80 A.D. John's writings, then, are the reminiscences of an elderly man looking back on his time with the Messiah; the views presented in the gospel are more likely to be what he felt and could believe in at the time of the writing, not at the time of his discipleship. This gives John's gospel a more mature ambiance than those of the Synoptic writers, who were younger men, and more inclined to write clear-cut, propaganda packed texts. Unlike the Synoptic writers, John avoids descriptions of the origins and early childhood of Jesus, which none of the gospel writers would have known much about, except through less accurate tales than the ones upon which the rest of the writings are based. John also includes a significant amount of material not found in the Synoptics. In addition to the Adulterous Woman, all the other material in John 2-4, which covers Jesus' early Galilean ministry, is not found in the Synoptics. Prior visits of Jesus to Jerusalem before the Passion Week are mentioned only in John. Nor do Matthew, Mark or Luke mention the resurrection of Lazarus found in John 11. John presents his material in the form of extended dialogues or discourses rather than the pithy sayings found often in the Synoptics; this holds a certain appeal to the scholarly mind, which seeks accuracy rather than epigrams. This air of accuracy may be what originally persuaded the N-Town playwright to keep his text so true to the gospel account. The N-Town play of The Woman Taken in Adultery follows the account in the Gospel of John very closely, and with only one notable embellishment ? the scene wherein the adulterous woman is abducted from the brothel, including the young man present in that scene. I suspect that this addition was not purely for comic purposes as may be assumed, but that the forceful capture of the adulterous woman invites the audience to have sympathy for her predicament. I believe that the gospel was followed more closely here than in other plays because, in addition to John's general air of accuracy, there was little that could be added